Title: Do Epichlo? endophytes and their grass symbiosis only produce toxic alkaloids to insects and livestock?

Authors: Qiu-Yan Song^?,*, Fan Li^?, Zhi-Biao Nan ^?,*, Jeffrey A. Coulter^?, and Wen-Jun Wei^§

Journal: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Impact Factor: IF₂₀₁₈=3.8 (农林科学1区)

Abstract: Epichlo? endophytes in forage grasses have attracted widespread attention and interest of chemistry researchers due to the various unique chemical structures and interesting biological activities of their secondary metabolites. This review describes the diversity of unique chemical structures of taxa from Epichlo? endophytes and grass infected with Epichlo? endophytes and demonstrates their reported biological activities. Until now, nearly 160 secondary metabolites (alkaloids, peptides, indole derivatives, pyrimidines, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, phenol and phenolic acid derivatives, aliphatic metabolites, sterols, amines and amides, and others) have been reported from Epichlo? endophytes and grass infected with Epichlo? endophytes. Among these, non-alkaloids account for half of the population of total metabolites, indicating that they also play an important role in Epichlo? endophytes and grass infected with Epichlo? endophytes. Also, a diverse array of secondary metabolites isolated from Epichlo? endophytes and symbionts is a rich source for developing new pesticides and drugs. Bioassays disclose that in addition to toxic alkaloids, the other metabolites isolated from Epichlo? endophytes and symbionts have notable biological activities, such as antifungal, anti-insect, and phytotoxic activities. Accordingly, the biological functions of non-alkaloids should not be neglected in the future investigation of Epichlo? endophytes and symbionts.

链接：https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06614